Comparison of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions from Building Operation Between China and Other Countries

According to the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) calculation of global energy use and emissions of the building sector (as shown in the figure below), in 2022, the embodied energy consumption during the global building construction stage (including building and infrastructure construction) and the building operation energy consumption accounted for 34% of the total global energy consumption, in which the embodied energy consumption during building and infrastructure construction accounted for 4% and the energy consumed during the operation stage accounted for 30%. In 2022, the total global CO2 emissions (including energy-related and industrial process emissions) were 36.8 Gt CO2, in which the embodied CO2 emissions from construction (including building and infrastructure construction) in the construction sector accounted for 7% and the CO2 emissions from building operation accounted for 27% (Fig. 2.1).