The concluding chapter synthesises the book’s central findings by demonstrating how KASP—as one of the largest and most strategically ambitious state-funded overseas scholarship initiatives in the contemporary international system—helped alleviate the reputational damage Saudi Arabia experienced after 9/11, rebuild bilateral trust, and reinforce its strategic partnership with the United States. The discussion highlights how the program enabled Saudi Arabia to navigate the asymmetrical nature of Saudi-U.S. relations by creating channels of mutual benefit, dialogue, and social integration. It also emphasises the program's role in overcoming significant domestic constraints, including resistance from conservative religious circles and skepticism toward Western educational environments. More broadly, the study illustrates how educational diplomacy can provide states with limited cultural soft-power resources an alternative pathway toward credibility, influence, and international engagement. Through sustained people -to-people interaction and long-term academic exchange, KASP demonstrates that educational diplomacy is not merely a supporting instrument of foreign policy, but a strategic mechanism capable of reshaping perceptions, building trust, and strengthening international relationships over time.