Recent investigations into the meaning-making processes of representations in comics call for more attention to the intersectional backgrounds of creators, characters and readers (Gray et al., Disability in comic books and graphic narratives, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016). This paper spotlights the aspect of disability in the depictions of marginalised groups and social inequality in comics. To expand the burgeoning interdisciplinary research on disability and comics studies, this chapter leverages existing discussions about how focalization in comics influences recipients’ embodied reading strategies, perspective-taking processes and immersion in the narrative world. Incorporating the theoretical concepts of Kai Mikkonen (The narratology of comic art, Routledge, 2017), Silke Horstkotte and Nancy Pedri (Experiencing visual storyworlds: Focalization in comics, The Ohio State University Press, 2022), it examines how the complex experientiality of disability, such as crip time (Dolmage and Jacobs, Disability in comic books and graphic narratives, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016) and ground perspectives, are focalized in Alison Bechdel’s LGBTQIA+ serialized work, The Essential Dykes to Watch Out For (TED; 2008). The representations of intersectionality and disability in TED, as influenced by Bechdel’s real-world experiences, reflect the then-growing discourse on accessibility in the US as well as the cultural issues of race and gender. The analysis will thus elucidate the use of comics to shed light on the associated discrimination against the minority groups and identity constructions stemming from notions of essentialism and normality in society.

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The Foregrounding of Intersectionality and Disability Experiences Through Focalization Techniques in Alison Bechdel’s The Essential Dykes to Watch Out For (2008)

  • Kai Qing Tan

摘要

Recent investigations into the meaning-making processes of representations in comics call for more attention to the intersectional backgrounds of creators, characters and readers (Gray et al., Disability in comic books and graphic narratives, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016). This paper spotlights the aspect of disability in the depictions of marginalised groups and social inequality in comics. To expand the burgeoning interdisciplinary research on disability and comics studies, this chapter leverages existing discussions about how focalization in comics influences recipients’ embodied reading strategies, perspective-taking processes and immersion in the narrative world. Incorporating the theoretical concepts of Kai Mikkonen (The narratology of comic art, Routledge, 2017), Silke Horstkotte and Nancy Pedri (Experiencing visual storyworlds: Focalization in comics, The Ohio State University Press, 2022), it examines how the complex experientiality of disability, such as crip time (Dolmage and Jacobs, Disability in comic books and graphic narratives, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016) and ground perspectives, are focalized in Alison Bechdel’s LGBTQIA+ serialized work, The Essential Dykes to Watch Out For (TED; 2008). The representations of intersectionality and disability in TED, as influenced by Bechdel’s real-world experiences, reflect the then-growing discourse on accessibility in the US as well as the cultural issues of race and gender. The analysis will thus elucidate the use of comics to shed light on the associated discrimination against the minority groups and identity constructions stemming from notions of essentialism and normality in society.