Vehicle electrification poses entirely new challenges for the traction motor as an electromechanical energy conversion device. Starting from the deep technical lineage of electric machines, this chapter outlines the demanding and often conflicting performance requirements of traction motors in automotive applications. Through the introduction of five integrated architectures—from hybrid modules to wheel-hub drive systems—it guides the reader to think about how to optimize multiple objectives such as power density, efficiency, and reliability within an increasingly compact and cost-sensitive vehicle environment.