Summary and Discussion

This chapter summarizes the key findings of this study, focusing on the current circumstances of older adults living alone in Japan, the underlying factors contributing to this phenomenon, and the challenges of active and passive social isolation. Furthermore, it assesses the effectiveness of Japan’s support policies and discusses their implications for the development of care policies and service systems in China and Japan. Finally, it outlines directions for future research in light of the study’s limitations. Through a comprehensive analysis of these issues, this chapter aims to offer valuable insights for promoting social integration among older adults, reducing loneliness, and improving care service systems.