Geosynthetic materials address geoenvironmental engineering concerns through their dual capability to support structural strength and environmental responsibility when building embankments. Modern developments along with environmentally friendly uses of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes and geocells used for sustainable embankment architecture and installation receive analysis in this review. The built-in utility of geosynthetics allows extended embankment service times and better protection against natural threats while deployed in floods or unstable soil areas. Geotextiles made of recycled polymers and biodegradable materials increasingly follow worldwide sustainability standards to reduce the complete environmental impact during their usage. The maintenance and construction of embankments underwent fundamental transformations due to three emerging technologies including smart monitoring devices with embedded sensors in addition to design tools using data analytics and sensor-embedded geosynthetics. Soil stabilization together with slope protection implementations becomes more environmentally friendly when industrial waste types such as fly ash and bottom ash or construction waste materials are integrated with geosynthetics. Geosynthetic solutions that are emerging into the market need to address budget constraints while being weather-resistant and gaining broader acceptance from the development sector in developing regions. A research analysis investigates all aspects related to newest geosynthetic technologies that redefine embankment engineering through their sustainability-centered, cost-efficient, and long-lasting approaches designed for infrastructure development and contemporary urban environmental protection.