The electromagnetic exposure safety for humans in maglev transportation systems is a critical research topic. The configuration of vehicle-mounted suspended excitation magnetic poles (homopolar or heteropolar) significantly influences the distribution of the static magnetic field in the environment and the corresponding human exposure levels. Based on the electromagnetic and structural parameters of an actual maglev train, a detailed finite element model comprising the suspension electromagnet, track, car body, and human model was established in this study. The effects of the two excitation configurations on the magnetic flux density at the track surface and the static magnetic field exposure inside the car were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that the heteropolar excitation configuration effectively suppresses magnetic field leakage. When the excitation current Iexc = 30 A, the maximum magnetic flux density |B|max on the track surface decreased from 1150 μT under the homopolar configuration to 776 μT. The static magnetic field exposure for occupants exhibited spatial heterogeneity, with higher field strength observed in the lower limb region. Under the heteropolar configuration, the |B|max for window-side occupants was reduced from 39 to 18.7 μT. Although significant differences in exposure levels were observed between the two excitation configurations, the |B|max values for all studied occupants remained well below the ICNIRP public exposure limit. The heteropolar excitation configuration demonstrates superior performance in controlling magnetostatic exposure, effectively mitigating potential electromagnetic health risks. This finding provides critical insights for the electromagnetic safety design of maglev transportation systems.