Utilization of Transformer Bushing Waste as Coarse Aggregate Replacement in Concrete: A Strength Analysis

The increasing demand for sustainable construction materials has led to the exploration of alternative aggregates in concrete. This study investigates the feasibility of using transformer bushing waste as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in M30 grade concrete. To consider transformer bushing waste (TBA) as an alternate material for coarse aggregate, its basic properties need to be examined in detail to prove its suitability for use in concrete. This study assessed the suitability of TBA as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete. The water absorption of TBA was found to be 0.50%, slightly higher than crushed stone, while its specific gravity was lower (2.30–2.33) compared to natural aggregates. The grading test confirmed that TBA fineness modulus values are closer to those of crushed stone (7.95). The strength-related properties for TBA assessment showed that TBW had higher aggregate impact (24.8%) and crushing values (38.6%) than coarse aggregates. Material property tests revealed that transformer bushing waste has higher water absorption and lower specific gravity than coarse aggregates, indicating its lightweight nature. The impact value of transformer bushing waste was significantly higher than that of crushed stone, suggesting lower impact resistance. Sieve analysis confirmed that both aggregates fall under Zone II, ensuring appropriate grading for concrete production. These findings suggest that TBW can be trialed as a partial replacement material with corrections in mix design to overcome the excess management of water demand and strength limitations. Future research should include compressive, tensile, and flexural strength tests, along with durability assessments.