This paper investigates the integration of computational thinking and artificial intelligence (AI) into general education, proposing a framework for cultivating AI-era talents. It analyzes the interdependence between AI literacy and computational thinking, advocating a pedagogical approach that extends AI education through computational thinking foundations. The study details Hunan University's “Introduction to Computing and Artificial Intelligence” course, which implements a tripartite teaching system focusing on knowledge construction, thinking cultivation, and ability development. This model effectively promotes synchronous growth in students’ computational thinking and AI competencies. The course employs a four-dimensional operational framework combining objective guidance, interdisciplinary content, innovative methodologies, and comprehensive evaluation. Results show enhanced problem-solving abilities through computational methods, improved AI technology application skills, and strengthened innovative capacities. This practice provides a replicable paradigm for integrating computational thinking and AI education, offering practical insights for global higher education institutions. The research contributes to both theoretical understanding of computational thinking-AI synergies and pedagogical innovation in talent cultivation. Future work will optimize teaching content, explore advanced instructional methods, and expand real-world application scenarios to meet evolving societal demands. This study underscores the importance of integrating computational thinking into AI general education for developing future-ready talents.