With the increasing societal emphasis on early childhood education, the spatial design of kindergartens has garnered significant attention. Effective floor layouts not only influence children’s learning and social skills but also play a crucial role in their physical and mental development. As architects begin to explore the multifaceted applications of AI technology in architectural floor design, the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in kindergarten layout design has started to emerge. This paper first summarizes the principles of kindergarten floor design, illustrating the essential characteristics of effective layouts through excellent case studies. It then reviews the development of AI and its current applications in kindergarten architectural design, highlighting the existing gaps in research on AI’s role in kindergarten floor planning. Therefore, the paper collates the existing research on AI in architectural floor design and provides a systematic summary of how these findings can be applied to kindergarten design. Finally, the paper identifies the challenges and difficulties in implementing AI in kindergarten floor design and explores potential future directions in this field. This study aims to help architects quickly grasp the latest developments and trends in AI applications for kindergarten floor design, contributing to further research in this area.