Detector Calibrations

The calibration in Super-Kamiokande is essential to obtain an accurate energy scale, interaction position, and so on. The event reconstruction is based on the photo-detected PMT’s position, detection timing, and photo-intensity. Since photon propagation in the water is largely affected by the water and PMT conditions, there are several calibration instruments for each method and targeted components. The photo-detection performance of a PMT is also crucial, particularly with a high-voltage power supply. For the MeV energy scale, there are an electron linac, \(\gamma \) /n sources, laser, and light sources, for example. The calibration equipment in Super-Kamiokande and the strategies are described.