Given that gums are eco-friendly materials that enhance concrete’s behavior, much research has recently been conducted on their use in concrete production and their influence on the properties of concrete. This review paper discusses the possible uses of different kinds of gums as environmentally friendly substitutes for traditional building materials. The properties, environmental advantages, and uses of several natural gums—such as Gum Arabic, Diutan, Welan, and others—are reviewed in concrete improvement. The results of several studies show how effective these gums are at enhancing the workability of concrete mixtures, water reducers, viscosity-modifying additives, and mechanical properties of concrete. The encouraging findings highlight the importance of using natural gums in building methods to promote ecological sustainability and economic growth, while more research is required.