The ice-coating phenomenon on distribution network transmission lines poses a severe threat to power system stability, while conventional ice-melting techniques struggle to meet practical requirements due to insufficient efficiency and limited environmental adaptability. To address the de-icing demands of a typical 5 km distribution network line, this study proposes a variable-frequency ice-melting control architecture based on a matrix converter. By adopting a single-stage 3–3 matrix converter as the main power topology, the intermediate DC energy storage link is eliminated, thereby reducing device volume and energy loss. Integrated with a dual space vector coordinated modulation technique, a dynamic sector division model for input voltage vectors and a duty cycle optimization algorithm are established, enabling dynamic regulation of input power factors and independent control of output voltage and frequency. Based on the Simulink simulation platform, the stable tracking capability of the output voltage across a wide frequency range (5–50 Hz) under a 500 A ice-melting current is verified in constant current variable frequency mode, with a voltage regulation range spanning 524–1163 V. In constant voltage variable frequency mode, the output current at low-frequency segments (5 Hz) reaches 1086 A, demonstrating excellent dynamic response characteristics. Experimental results indicate that the proposed strategy effectively reduces the apparent power demand for ice-melting and enhances power supply capacity utilization through frequency-adaptive regulation. This work provides theoretical foundations and engineering solutions for efficient and cost-effective ice-melting in distribution networks.