This chapter offers human rights-compliance approaches to minimise the environmental and humanitarian challenges associated with the presence of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. It contends that restrictive state policies—particularly those limiting freedom of movement and the right to work—have intensified environmental degradation, social marginalisation, and economic vulnerability within refugee-hosting areas. Drawing on international human rights law, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, this chapter examines how the denial of these rights undermines both refugee wellbeing and sustainable environmental governance. By analysing Bangladesh’s legal framework and comparative practices from other refugee-hosting states, this chapter demonstrates that facilitating freedom of movement and access to lawful employment can alleviate environmental pressure, promote self-reliance, and mitigate social tensions. The chapter further evaluates the security, public order, and public health arguments often invoked to justify restrictive policies, concluding that such limitations frequently lack proportionality and legal necessity. By situating refugee protection within a broader human rights and environmental sustainability framework, this chapter argues that rights-based policy reform is not only legally required, but also environmentally and socially beneficial.