Vaccination at Menopause
摘要
Menopause is a vital stage that increases vulnerability to diseases that can be averted by vaccination. It is characterized by immune system aging, hormonal decline, and an increased risk of comorbidities like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic respiratory illness. Women in their midlife are more likely to get diseases that can spread to vulnerable groups because of travel, occupational exposure, and caregiving responsibilities. Vaccination during menopause can greatly reduce the risk of influenza, pneumococcal disease, hepatitis A and B, tetanus, pertussis, varicella, herpes zoster, meningococcal infections, and COVID-19. Various guidelines like World Health Organization, CDC, FOGSI, and the Indian Menopause Society stress upon the significance of yearly influenza vaccination, pneumococcal vaccination for women 65 years of age or older or with comorbidities, recombinant zoster vaccination after age 50, and hepatitis B vaccination for high-risk groups like healthcare workers and women with chronic conditions. Immunization not only reduces illness, hospital admissions, and healthcare costs but also promotes healthy aging, allowing women to sustain independence and mobility. However, barriers such as limited awareness, inconsistent guidelines, and insufficient counseling continue to hinder vaccination uptake. Strengthening immunization practices during menopause is key to empowering women, protecting families, and supporting global healthy aging goals.