Biosystematic approaches in entomology provide a comparative context for insect species taxonomy, phylogeny, population dynamics, and behavioral ecology. This has traditionally involved labor-intensive programs by specialized taxonomists. Furthermore, the diversity of insect species makes this approach unsustainable, as studies tend to focus on taxa, like Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera. In contrast, taxa, such as Isoptera, are typically ignored due to a lack of traditional taxonomic expertise. The intensive human effort required to process data in traditional sampling programs poses a significant constraint to entomological research. The recent technological advancement and computing surge have presented researchers with novel tools and techniques for entomological research. These techniques and tools, including molecular, chemical ecology, interactive databasing, geospatial, and machine learning, improve the efficiency and accuracy of entomological surveys. This chapter highlights traditional taxonomy, molecular, ecological, and geospatial techniques used to elucidate the identification, behavior, genetics, ecology, and population dynamics of insects.