Since the turn of the millennium, antibody drugs have been widely used as standard cancer treatments. The mainstream of therapeutic drugs is now being replaced by antibody-drug conjugates. CAR-T cells (chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T lymphocytes), which are based on the recognition of cancer antigens by antibodies, are gaining attention as future cancer drugs. Despite their high cost, the currently marketed anti-CD19-CAR-T is known as a groundbreaking treatment that surpasses any previous cancer drugs in its ability to cure advanced B-cell leukemia. Active research and development, including clinical trials, are being conducted with the aim of curing advanced solid cancers. There are 1727 CAR-T trials listed on Clinicaltrials.gov (as of October 15, 2024), 57 of which involve glycans as targets or potentially involve glycans. Given that more than half of the trials involve CD19, it is clear that there is high expectation for glycan-related molecules.

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Current Status of CAR-T Target Development Involving Glycans

  • Tatsuro Irimura

摘要

Since the turn of the millennium, antibody drugs have been widely used as standard cancer treatments. The mainstream of therapeutic drugs is now being replaced by antibody-drug conjugates. CAR-T cells (chimeric antigen receptor-expressing T lymphocytes), which are based on the recognition of cancer antigens by antibodies, are gaining attention as future cancer drugs. Despite their high cost, the currently marketed anti-CD19-CAR-T is known as a groundbreaking treatment that surpasses any previous cancer drugs in its ability to cure advanced B-cell leukemia. Active research and development, including clinical trials, are being conducted with the aim of curing advanced solid cancers. There are 1727 CAR-T trials listed on Clinicaltrials.gov (as of October 15, 2024), 57 of which involve glycans as targets or potentially involve glycans. Given that more than half of the trials involve CD19, it is clear that there is high expectation for glycan-related molecules.