Photocarcinoma, a form of skin cancer, is predominantly induced by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation from natural sunlight and artificial sources such as tanning beds. The course of this illness is a complicated, multi-phase process encompassing tumor start, promotion, and advancement. Although UV radiation is the primary agent, visible light can also exacerbate oxidative skin damage. Several variables elevate an individual’s risk, including genetic predisposition, such as a familial history of melanoma and mutations in genes like p53 and CDKN2A. Additional risk factors encompass being a fair skin type with diminished melanin levels, which provides inadequate protection against UV damage, as well as specific vocational and lifestyle choices, such as outdoor employment or utilizing tanning beds. This chapter will provide a detailed overview of the key risk factors, highlighting the most important aspects related to photocarcinoma.