The alteration in climatic patterns and its commensurate impact pose a serious threat to the contemporary scenario due to the multifaceted challenges it creates for the agriculture and plant systems. The undesirable increase in earth’s temperature, alteration in precipitation patterns, extremity of weather fluctuations have negatively impacted crop production and food security and, as a corollary, the nutritional deficiencies, poor health of livestock, and soaring food prices. Climate change and the consequential increase in CO2 level have also adversely affected the pedosphere and hydrology of the planet, antagonistically impacting the microhabitats and the associated microbiota. Studies conducted across the globe, including Asia, Africa, and Europe, show that the impact of climate change goes beyond the economic aspect of destabilizing income among the vulnerable sections to an exacerbation of migration and social unrest. The worst sufferers are the poorer nations wherein a significant proportion of the population relies on climate-sensitive agriculture for sustenance and livelihood, but the economic restraints limit their capacity to adapt according to the changing climate. International cooperation and a multidisciplinary approach can help alleviate these socioeconomic challenges. Strategies like Climate Smart Agriculture and India’s strategy of Panchamrit to tackle climate change hold great potential in this regard. Further, region-specific mitigation strategies and inclusive policy formulation, along with the acknowledgment of traditional knowledge, can help to adapt efficiently in the long run and realize the dream of a sustainable future.