The challenge of a rapidly increasing global population along with diminishing natural resources and agricultural land, and irregular weather conditions is leading to food insecurity, posing a significant challenge across the world. Smart agriculture, enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), offers a promising way to improve operational efficiency and productivity. The aim of this paper is to review the architecture, applications, and recent research trends of IoT-enabled smart agriculture. The paper discusses the implementation of IoT devices and communication technologies in the agriculture sector and highlights key applications of IoT in smart agriculture, such as farm monitoring and control, weather tracking, precision agriculture, and greenhouse maintenance. The paper also highlights the open issues and challenges in the economic efficiency of smart agriculture and technical issues related to interference, security, and reliability of IoT systems. This study provides insights into the capabilities and limitations of IoT in smart agriculture, outlining future research directions and enabling the shift towards a more sustainable agricultural ecosystem.