Plant viruses pose a significant threat to global food security, causing major losses in both production and quality of agricultural crops. Managing plant viral disease is very difficult due to emerging new viruses, mixed infections, and viral diversity. While traditional control methods like chemical pesticides, vector control, and classic breeding are limited because of environmental concerns and lack of available natural resistance genes, current management depends on the exclusion, eradication, vector control, and early identification, supported by emerging diagnostics and next-generation sequencing. Biotechnology has enabled new prospects for the sustainable control of viral pathogens. The application of pathogen-derived resistance (PDR), and RNA interference (RNAi) techniques, including hairpin RNAs and synthetic microRNAs, allows long-term and combinational resistance against the viral coat proteins, replicases, or movement genes. The genome editing technology, like CRISPR/Cas, allows the modification of host susceptibility genes. Further approaches, such as virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), marker-assisted selection (MAS), and next-generation synthetic biology that specifically targets the viral genes, have specifically improved the resistance of plant breeding programmes. This chapter confers the methods for controlling plant viral diseases by using genome engineering, RNA-based technologies, and synthetic biology for high-yielding, resistant crops and thus facilitating sustainable farming and global food security.