Viruses that infect crops are one of the major problems faced by farmers in recent times. Among all the abiotic and biotic stresses, including bacteria, fungi, and others, plant viruses are tagged as the most severe and unpredictable threat. The future of food security is at risk from plant viruses most chaotically. Due to their high recombination rate, viruses that infect crops have a very wide host range and have affected most crops, including vegetable crops. Vegetable crops, which are important for feeding people, need to be protected from viral infections right away. As a result, extensive research is in progress to understand the mechanisms regulating viral behavior inside hosts, any plant factors that are linked to viral diseases, the processes of viral recombination, and the strategies for their management. All these functions require viral and host proteins that actively interact with one another. Proteomics, in a way, provides greater insight into all these aspects of viral diseases, particularly the structure and function of both viral and host proteins. Studies have shown that proteomics has contributed to understanding the viral proteins involved in symptom development, as well as the host proteins that counteract these effects by triggering plant defense mechanisms. In this chapter, we will explore the vegetable crops and their associated viral diseases from a proteomics perspective. We attempt to provide a thorough comprehension of plant viral disease in crops such as cucumber, tomato, chilli, cassava, and potato, focusing on proteins involved in these infections. Each case study will include the host proteins activated during the viral infection, including upregulation of the pathogen-related proteins that increase secondary metabolite production (triggering the salicylic acid/jasmonic acid pathway) as well as the downregulation of essential proteins such as those involved in photosynthesis, alongside viral proteins that contribute to disease severity.