Mathematics is not about numbers, equations, permutations, computations, or algorithms: it is about understanding. There was a special arrangement of soldiers used in the greatest war of the Mahabharata in India. People who didn’t know mathematical theory have been using the concepts of permutations and combinations to resolve their day-to-day issues in more pragmatic ways. This chapter deals with the concept of basic counting principles by using the brainstorming experiment of the selection of class representatives from the class. The concept of permutation and related results are explained by using the concepts selection of Mathematicians for four prestigious awards namely as per ranking, Abel Prize, Field Medal, Chern Medal and Wolf Prize at international level. Different real-life examples demonstrate the concept of the combination and concerned types. Moreover, special applications highlight the importance of the concepts and enhance the understanding of the students. The chapter accomplishes with case studies and exercises designed to bridge the gap between theoretical relational structures and their multidisciplinary applications.