In the production of typical energetic materials, such as cast explosives and composite propellants, process materials are often exposed to non-ambient temperatures and may undergo ignition due to friction; thus, investigating the synergistic effect of temperature and friction on friction sensitivity thresholds is particularly essential. To address this issue, this study proposes a thermal-friction sensitivity safety testing protocol for typical energetic materials, aiming to evaluate critical safety thresholds under the combined effects of heat and friction of process materials and to investigate the influence of temperature in depth. The study establishes safety response patterns of process materials used in the mixing of typical cast explosives and the kneading of typical propellants under thermal-friction excitation. This study reveals a positive correlation between temperature and material friction sensitivity—specifically, friction sensitivity increases with rising temperature. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing processing parameters and improving safety management strategies in the manufacturing of energetic materials.