Modern maritime shipping involves the design and operation of increasingly complex vessels capable of operating in a variety of environmental conditions. One of the critical aspects in assessing the structural behavior of a ship is hull vibrations induced by the effects of the sea—waves, currents and other hydrodynamic forces. These vibrations, also known as hydrodynamic vibrations, can significantly influence the comfort of the crew and passengers, reduce the life of on-board equipment and generate additional structural stresses that affect the integrity of the ship. In this context, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which the sea causes vibration, as well as methods to analyze and control them, is essential. The current scientific literature on ship vibration focuses on its analysis, measurement and control to ensure structural integrity, operational efficiency and reduced environmental impact. In Romania, research is focused on reducing the ‘footprint’ of ships through physical fields, including the acoustic field, to lessen the environmental impact and improve the survivability of ships in modern naval warfare. Technologies are also being developed to reduce underwater noise, such as building quieter ships and reorienting propellers. These measures are essential to protect marine life and comply with international regulations on noise pollution. The main findings and implications for the field of ship vibration are confirmed by the results of the modal analysis which identified the ship’s own structural modes and critical frequencies that can lead to resonance phenomena with high potential for structural damage, as well as the effectiveness of damping solutions. The aim of this work is to highlight the main types of sea-generated vibrations, how they affect the hull and the technical solutions that can be applied to mitigate their impact.