Anal electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic technique used to assess the electrical activity of the external anal sphincter and the puborectalis muscle. In patients with fecal incontinence, the electrical activity of both the external anal sphincter and the puborectalis muscle is often reduced. As anal EMG can be applied therapeutically—particularly in biofeedback training—it is a valuable skill for clinicians to acquire. In Japan, plug-type surface EMG electrodes are commonly used.