Chronic constipation may require careful examination and treatment. The significance of managing functional constipation lies in first differentiating secondary chronic constipation, including drug-induced constipation, and then aiming to improve the quality of life. Additionally, it is crucial to avoid cardiovascular risk factors. Utilizing treatment methods based on clinical practice guidelines is beneficial for treating patients with functional constipation. Initial treatment for chronic constipation involves dietary, exercise, and defecation environment adjustments. As pharmacotherapy for chronic constipation, osmotic laxatives (e.g., magnesium oxide), stimulant laxatives (e.g., senna), epithelial function modifiers (e.g., lubiprostone and linaclotide), ileal bile acid transporter inhibitors (e.g., elobixibat), and some kinds of Kampo medicine are currently available in Japan. Healthcare providers should carefully evaluate the potential pathologies underlying the constipation symptoms and select appropriate treatments.