In order to solve the problems of low efficiency in borrowing and returning books and poor storage environment in libraries, the writer puts forward an RFID Smart Library Management System. Firstly, introduce key technologies such as RFID technology, ultra-high frequency electronics, and radio frequency technology. Secondly, the library management was combined with RFID technology, embedded technology, and network communication technology to complete the design and implementation of three sub modules: book management, computer anti-theft, and environmental monitoring. The above three sub modules are organically integrated into a new generation of intelligent library management system, fundamentally releasing the pressure of personnel when borrowing and returning books, enhancing library security, and improving the environmental quality of book preservation. Finally, test the system performance. The results show that under the application background of RFID technology, the system has the characteristics of simple book return process, high book positioning accuracy, convenient and fast search, and safe and reliable, fully meeting the expected design standards and requirements.