Virtual power plants, as an important solution for distributed energy management in the power grid, can further leverage their environmental benefits by participating in the electricity and carbon markets, thereby enhancing the overall revenue of virtual power plants. On the other hand, energy storage, as the main way to stabilize renewable energy generation, will play an important role in gravity energy storage using solid heavy objects as a medium in the northwest region due to water shortage. In this regard, the article proposes a coordinated scheduling optimization model for the participation of gravity energy storage in the electricity market and carbon market through the aggregation of virtual power plants. Utilizing gravity energy storage to stabilize the volatility of wind and solar power output, enhance the output stability of virtual power plants, and improve their competitiveness in the electricity market; And obtain more profits through carbon market trading. The case analysis shows that centralized optimization management of virtual power plants and participation in electricity and carbon market trading can effectively achieve energy complementarity between distributed energy and gravity energy storage, and improve overall operational economy and safety.