Alpine ecosystem supports a wide variety of specialized microbial communities because of their extreme climatic conditions, which include low temperatures, nutritional shortages, intense UV radiations and varying moisture regimes. These microorganisms which include bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea and algae are essential to several aspects of ecosystem functioning such as soil formation organic matter breakdown, cycling of nutrients and plantmicrobe symbioses. In alpine environments, microbial interactions are complex and constantly shifting. This chapter explores the nature of microbial interactions in alpine environments, highlighting how commensalism, competition, and mutualism influences the the makeup and operation of microbial communities. Different aspects of microbial interactions like relationships between microbes and plants, functions of microbes in nutrient cycling, breakdown of soils and organic matter stability are discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, chapter also emphasises the possible applications of alpine microorganisms in ecological restoration and emphasizes how climate change affects microbial activity in these challenging environments. Functions of microbial interactions in alpine ecosystems are also explored along with their wider implications for climate resilience, biogeochemical cycling and ecological balance.