The foaming process of asphalt is a complex multiphase flow mixing and heat transfer behavior. Analyzing this behavior from a macroscopic perspective often overlooks the details of multiphase flow, while microscopic analysis overly focuses on theoretical studies at the molecular level and neglects the overall characteristics of multiphase flow. Therefore, this paper adopts the lattice Boltzmann method at the mesoscopic scale to analyze the asphalt foaming behavior. Taking the asphalt foaming chamber as the research object and using the average pressure and average flow velocity of the chamber as evaluation indicators, a numerical simulation analysis of the asphalt foaming behavior inside the chamber is conducted, with comparative verification through asphalt foaming experiments. The study explores the influence of structural parameters on the average pressure and average flow velocity of the chamber, and analyzes how different structural parameters of the chamber affect the asphalt foaming behavior. The results show that within a certain range, the smaller the inlet and outlet sizes, the greater the outlet pressure and velocity of the chamber. This leads to more sufficient heat exchange between hot asphalt and water inside the chamber, thereby increasing the expansion rate and half-life of the foamed asphalt. The volume of the chamber has a significant impact on its average pressure; increasing the chamber volume can promote heat exchange between hot asphalt and water, thus enhancing the expansion rate of the foamed asphalt.