Amorphous alloy transformer cores typically adopt a rectangular configuration, which tends to lack structural stability and is prone to accidents. In response, this study innovatively employs a triangular three-dimensional wound core structure to investigate the operational characteristics of such specially structured transformers under multiphysics fields. This exploration holds significant theoretical and practical implications for guiding the design and construction of such transformers. Firstly, the study analyzes the distribution of leakage magnetic fields and electrodynamic forces in both the axial and radial directions of the transformer windings under three-phase short-circuit conditions. Secondly, it conducts an in-depth investigation into the temperature distribution of the windings in oil-immersed amorphous alloy three-dimensional core transformers under rated load conditions. Finally, the temperature distribution patterns are summarized, and corresponding improvement measures are proposed, laying a solid foundation for subsequent optimization of the thermal field.