Neurosurgery has advanced and expanded into diverse fields over the past century. Neurosurgeons continue to innovate and conduct scientific research to push the limits of their specialization. Given the long-standing need for a unique three-dimensional (3D) viewpoint in neurosurgery, this chapter provides a thorough analysis of the transformative impact of 3D printing technology in the field of neurosurgery, in addition to highlighting its various applications in the diagnosis and treatment of different neurological conditions. Specifically, the use of 3D printing to treat brain tumors, spinal cord injuries, neurodegenerative diseases, and other neurological conditions has brought attention to the potential of the technology to improve understanding of disease pathogenesis through 3D bioprinted models and to personalize medicine through tailored drug delivery systems. Additionally, this chapter also covers the use of various 3D printing technologies, including stereolithography, extrusion-based, injection molding, and laser-assisted bioprinting, for the creation of drug-loaded scaffolds and implants.