In response to the current challenges of high energy costs and significant carbon emissions in the heavy-duty truck (HDT) transportation sector, this paper proposes a planning methodology that incorporates battery-swapping HDTs and adopts an integrated planning approach. This approach comprehensively considers carbon reduction benefits, energy cost efficiency, and the minimization of impacts on the main power grid. It aims to optimally allocate the locations and capacities of renewable energy sources, transmission networks, microgrids, energy storage systems, and battery swapping stations. Case study results demonstrate that, compared to traditional grid-dependent power supply methods, the proposed integrated energy supply system can effectively reduce both energy costs and carbon emissions associated with HDT operations, while significantly increasing the share of clean energy utilization. Moreover, the proposed approach shows substantial advantages over conventional diesel-powered trucks in terms of economic and environmental performance.