Currently, most of the major metropolitan cities are growing in population and therefore getting overcrowded and have insufficient space to accommodate their growing infrastructure requirements. Thus, in the modern transportation industry underground railways become a necessity for the smooth operation of metro city’s multimodal transport systems. Underground railway transportation is more sustainable than individuals using road transport and therefore engineers should be aware of the environmental impact of the construction, maintenance, and operation of such projects. The tunnel ventilation system is one of the most vital parts of underground railway transportation as it operates to ensure human comfort and human safety in different operational scenarios. The tunnel ventilation system requires large spaces for equipment installation and substantial power for the system operation; thus, it becomes incumbent for engineers to develop a sustainable tunnel ventilation system, to minimize environmental impact and conserve energy and natural resources. A sustainable design approach is identified through social, environmental, and economic dimensions. This paper presents a sustainable tunnel ventilation system design approach at the outset of the project that can help to identify engineering solutions having both economic and sustainable benefits. It covers key tunnel ventilation design aspects like collaboration with stakeholders, defining suitability goals, tailoring the design process to suit project requirements, ensuring compliance, optimizing equipment selection, and implementing innovative solutions.