Cereals constitute a major source of energy, protein, and other necessary nutrients in both developed and developing countries. It makes cereals one of the most important food crops for human nutrition and global food security. However, abiotic stress has a profound impact on the growth and output of all major cereals. Molecular breeding and functional genetics have made significant contributions to understanding the complex mechanisms behind cereal responses to abiotic stresses. The development of genome editing tools in recent years has completely transformed precision plant breeding. The CRISPR/Cas system is a powerful and precise tool for editing specific genes related to abiotic stress tolerance. The CRISPR/Cas tools offer a chance to create non-transgenic cereals that are more resilient to harsh climatic factors. This is a crucial tactic to guarantee food security in the face of persistent climate change. New versions of next-generation CRISPR/Cas systems have increased the flexibility of genome engineering technologies. Examining the role of abiotic stress-responsive genes through the application of the CRISPR/Cas genome editing system holds great promise for enhancing the growth and yield of cereals under adverse environmental conditions. By enabling precise functional validation and targeted modification of key genes, CRISPR/Cas facilitates the development of new cultivars with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses. This approach not only accelerates the breeding process but also supports the creation of improved, climate-resilient cereal varieties. This chapter discusses the impact of abiotic stress on cereals, the mechanisms and variations of genome editing tools, and the genes targeted by genome editing tools to improve abiotic stress in cereals. Application of CRISPR/Cas technology to enhance stress tolerance in cereals can contribute significantly to global food security, particularly in the face of climate change and an increasing population.