Brucellosis, a widespread zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, remains a significant public health concern globally. This chapter provides a concise overview of brucellosis, encompassing its etiology, transmission, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and control. The disease primarily affects livestock animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs, but can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated animal products, particularly unpasteurized milk and dairy products. Human brucellosis presents with a wide range of nonspecific symptoms, including fever, fatigue, joint pain, and sweating, making diagnosis challenging. The chapter further highlights the importance of laboratory testing for accurate diagnosis and the role of antibiotics in treatment. Control and prevention strategies, including animal vaccination and surveillance programs, are vital for mitigating the impact of brucellosis on both human and animal health.