Plague is a zoonotic illness triggered by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, has precipitated severe pandemic outbreaks across history, and remains a pressing public health concern at present. This chapter offers a concise overview of plague, encompassing its epidemiology, transmission pathways, clinical presentations, and control strategies. Plague predominantly impacts rodent population, with human infections arising from bites by fleas that are carriers of the disease. In humans, the disease appears in three primary forms: bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic. The bubonic variant, which is the most common, is marked by the enlargement of lymph nodes. Septicemic plague develops when the infection disseminates to the circulatory system, whereas pneumonic plague impacts the respiratory system and may be transmitted directly between individuals. The chapter emphasizes the critical role of timely identification and antibiotic therapy in the effective management of plague. The text moreover highlights the necessity of coordinated monitoring frameworks, rodent population control interventions, and public health education initiatives to preempt and manage plague outbreaks effectively.