Since India’s independence, the Northeast India region (NER) has always been a sensitive one for Indian government policies. In terms of geographical location and economic, cultural and ethnic factors, this region has an important strategic role, serving the integration between India and the East; or in other words, it is a pivotal connecting space between India and its neighbours to the east in South Asia, as well as to East and Southeast Asia and beyond (Banerjee and Ghosh 2023). As a landlocked region, Northeast India shares a long border with many Asian countries, so it has significant potential for trade and investment development, as well as great connectivity with Eastern countries. With the changing nature of the foreign policies of the Modi administration since 2014, India has redefined its relationship with the outside world, international borders are no longer portrayed as barriers but the “gateway” to economic prosperity. New policy initiatives such as the Act East policy and the Neighbourhood First policy are primarily an attempt by the government to realize this vision. The Government of India identifies the important role of the Northeast India region in her new policies, enabling the region to fully participate, stimulate cooperation, as well as serve to strengthen ties. With the countries of the East. Now, acting and interacting with East Asian countries and beyond has become the most defining feature of India‘s economic and strategic development, and the NER is playing an even more important role in those actions and interactions. Therefore, this chapter aims to assess the importance of the NER, and the role of this region in Prime Minister Modi’s foreign policies through different land connection initiatives with neighbours such as Bangladesh, Myanmar, China, etc. or the role of Japan in the development of infrastructure connection in the region.