The world is facing a growing climate crisis, with catastrophic events becoming increasingly frequent. While high-polluting industries are transitioning towards greener alternatives, the construction sector remains stagnant. The construction industry contributes approximately 8–10% of global CO₂ emissions, with limited viable alternatives due to supply chain constraints and market demand. Recently, a ternary cementitious blend, Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), has been developed, demonstrating the potential to reduce CO₂ emissions by up to 40%. This blend offers a cost-effective solution as it can be produced using existing cement manufacturing facilities with minor modifications. Extensive research globally has validated its superior mechanical properties and durability; however, no cement plant has yet adopted full-scale LC3 production in Pakistan. Following a successful full-scale laboratory trial at NED University, a model civil structure was constructed to demonstrate LC3’s structural integrity and to build confidence among policymakers, industry stakeholders, and regulatory bodies for its large-scale adoption. Standard construction practices were implemented to ensure comparable performance under real-world conditions, reinforcing the feasibility of LC3 as a sustainable alternative for reducing the carbon footprint of the cement industry.

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Pakistan’s First Structural Application of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3)

  • Tariq Jamil,
  • Muhammad Danyal Sheikh,
  • Tehmina Ayub,
  • Asad-ur-Rehman Khan,
  • Chuanlin Hu

摘要

The world is facing a growing climate crisis, with catastrophic events becoming increasingly frequent. While high-polluting industries are transitioning towards greener alternatives, the construction sector remains stagnant. The construction industry contributes approximately 8–10% of global CO₂ emissions, with limited viable alternatives due to supply chain constraints and market demand. Recently, a ternary cementitious blend, Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3), has been developed, demonstrating the potential to reduce CO₂ emissions by up to 40%. This blend offers a cost-effective solution as it can be produced using existing cement manufacturing facilities with minor modifications. Extensive research globally has validated its superior mechanical properties and durability; however, no cement plant has yet adopted full-scale LC3 production in Pakistan. Following a successful full-scale laboratory trial at NED University, a model civil structure was constructed to demonstrate LC3’s structural integrity and to build confidence among policymakers, industry stakeholders, and regulatory bodies for its large-scale adoption. Standard construction practices were implemented to ensure comparable performance under real-world conditions, reinforcing the feasibility of LC3 as a sustainable alternative for reducing the carbon footprint of the cement industry.