Diagnosis and Treatment for Gynecological Cancer

Gynecological cancer is specific to females and refers to cancer of the female reproductive organs. The female reproductive organs include the vulva, vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The uterus is an important organ for pregnancy and childbirth. It is characterized by a younger age of onset than cancers of other organs. Therefore, uterine or ovarian cancers at a fertile age may affect future fertility. Cancer and its treatment may affect marriage, childbirth, and sexual life. Cervical cancer can be prevented through vaccination against HPV or early detection through screening. Hereditary cancer syndromes predispose to the uterine body and the ovary. Understanding the risk factors for gynecologic cancer can help prevent cancer and detect it early. Molecular targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been shown to be effective for treatment. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological cancers is expected to change dramatically in the future.