Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), including species such as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, are effective biological control agents against a wide range of insect pests. This chapter explores the infection mechanisms of EPF and the bioactive compounds they produce, such as destruxins and beauvericin, which exhibit insecticidal and antimicrobial properties. EPF also enhance plant nutrient uptake and stress tolerance, contributing to sustainable agriculture. Recent advances in formulation technologies, field applications, and plant-microbe interactions are discussed. The integration of EPF into pest management strategies supports biodiversity and food security, highlighting their role in environmentally friendly crop protection.