Conceptual Framework and Methodology

This chapter presents the conceptual and methodological underpinnings of the book, which evaluates the implementation of the aid effectiveness agenda in Bangladesh. Rooted in policy implementation theory, particularly the top-down model, the chapter argues that a hierarchical, state-led framework is appropriate for analysing policy decisions related to the Paris Declaration (PD) and its successor initiatives. The top-down model is chosen due to the complex, legally binding, and multi-actor nature of aid effectiveness frameworks, which require high-level political commitment and coordination. The conceptual framework positions the Economic Relations Division (ERD) as the key national actor aligned with international obligations. It maps inter-agency coordination with line ministries (LMs), the Planning Commission (PC), and development partners (DPs). Additionally, the chapter discusses the strengths and limitations of this model and situates it within the broader literature on policy implementation. Methodologically, the book uses a qualitative method of inquiry, critical realism philosophy, and abductive approach with a case study strategy. Data were collected through 66 semi-structured interviews with policymakers, ERD officials, DPs, and professionals. Primary data are supplemented by document analysis from both domestic and international sources. Thematic analysis, supported by NVivo software, is employed to analyse data. Overall, the chapter provides rigorous design to offer a holistic understanding of the policy formulation and implementation dynamics shaping aid effectiveness in Bangladesh.