The exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE), affordability, and adaptability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made them a game-changer in the photovoltaics industry. The main component, hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites, has special qualities like extended charge-carrier diffusion lengths, variable bandgaps, high absorption coefficients, and low-temperature solution processability. With PCEs surpassing 25% within 10 years of development, these characteristics have allowed PSCs to make impressive strides and compete with more well-established technologies like silicon solar cells. The rapid growth of photovoltaic (PV) technologies has been driven by the pressing need for clean, renewable energy sources. Perovskites, a class of materials with the general formula ABX3, are at the forefront of next-generation solar technology because of their distinctive optoelectronic features. Their quick increase in efficiency—from early reports of 3.8% in 2009 to over 25% today—highlights their revolutionary potential in the photovoltaics industry. The term “perovskite” originates from a naturally occurring mineral, calcium titanate (CaTiO3), discovered in 1839 by Gustav Rose. However, the perovskite materials used in solar cells are typically hybrid organic-inorganic lead halides, such as methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3). Research into perovskites as light absorbers began in 2009 when Kojima et al. first demonstrated their application in dye-sensitized solar cells. Since then, PSCs have witnessed unprecedented advancements, with a steep trajectory in efficiency and extensive exploration of their properties.