Using Green Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (GTD-ABC) in Cost Management of Petroleum Companies: A Case Study

The oil extraction industry is one of the leading industries in Iraq. Production processes are accompanied by significant gas emissions resulting from the burning of crude oil, a non-renewable natural resource. Green accounting and green technologies must be incorporated into Iraqi oil extraction operations to reflect their positive environmental impact. This paper aims to explore the role of applying Green TD-ABC in cost management and the impact of sustainable development on economic performance in petroleum companies. A case study approach was employed at Basra Oil Company, utilizing the research sample from 2020, along with field visits and personal interviews with department managers and employees, to implement Green Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (GTD-ABC) in cost management. The results show that the application of modern techniques, such as GTD-ABC, achieves a balance between social, economic, and environmental performance, despite the challenges it presents. However, it will provide a competitive advantage over competitors and play an active role in the markets, especially given that the oil extraction sector has a significant impact on the global economy. Therefore, it is essential to integrate environmental costs into financial statements, so that economic units are required to prepare sustainability reports in accordance with standards, implement carbon emissions systems, and invest in reducing carbon emissions. GTD-ABC should also be adopted due to a positive impact on reducing product costs and providing valuable information on the environmental impact.