The peony (Paeonia x suffruticosa Andr.) is a deciduous shrub belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. It can grow up to 2 meters tall, featuring short and thick branches. Peonies prefer warm and humid climates, are relatively tolerant to cold and drought, but are sensitive to waterlogging, high temperatures, and intense sunlight. They thrive in deep, well-drained, fertile, and loose sandy loam or silty loam soils; saline-alkali and heavy clay soils are unsuitable for cultivation.