The primary medicinal sources of Coptis in traditional Chinese medicine are the plants Coptis chinensis (Chinese Goldthread), Coptis deltoidea (Triangle-leaf Goldthread), and Coptis teeta (Yunnan Goldthread) from the Ranunculaceae family. Known commercially as Wei Lian, Ya Lian, and Yun Lian, these medicinal products are derived from the dried rhizomes. Coptis is primarily cultivated in eastern Sichuan, western Hubei, as well as in Shaanxi, Hunan, Guizhou, and Gansu provinces. It has properties for clearing heat, drying dampness, and detoxifying, and is used in traditional treatments for digestive ailments, infections, inflammation, and skin conditions. Root diseases, particularly root rot, significantly impact yield and quality, posing a major threat to the Coptis industry.