In the era of big data and intelligence, the big data is rapidly and widely changing people’s daily life, working methods and thinking patterns, which has brought unprecedented challenges and opportunities to social development. Under the impact of the digital wave, the governance objects and methods of the country have undergone profound changes, and the governance capacity urgently needs to be improved. As one of the judicial organs, the procuratorial organs in China shoulder the responsibility of legal supervision and occupy an important position in the national governance system. In the new era, it is undoubtedly an important issue that urgently needs to be studied on how to adapt to the needs of the times and promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity through the performance of procuratorial duties. In the procuratorial function, the most closely related to national governance issue is the power of procuratorial public interest litigation. Therefore, this chapter is based on summarizing and sorting out the procuratorial practice of big data empowering legal supervision, discussing the various obstacles and challenges encountered by the procuratorial organs in handling cases of public interest litigation through digital empowerment, and proposing practical and feasible countermeasures and suggestions on how to effectively eliminate these obstacles and turn challenges into opportunities, especially how to improve the quality and efficiency of handling cases of public interest litigation by applying big data.