The system of procuratorial public interest litigation is a kind of judicial protection for public interests, whose original intention is to play the legal supervision function of the procuratorial organs in China, better safeguard national interest and social public interests and meet the the people’s yearning for a better life in the new era. This is not only the historical mission entrusted to the procuratorial organs in China by the times, but also an important system design to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. It can be said that more than 10 years of vivid procuratorial practice have basically achieved this original intention, which is evidenced by the handling of over one million public interest litigation cases. Based on the practice of PPIL, this chapter elaborates the methods of handling cases in detail and its effectiveness, as well as the guiding role of key guiding cases and example cases issued by the SPP so as to let foreign readers have a comprehensive and deep understanding of how the PPIL in China works and functions effectively.