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In this chapter, the so-called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method is explained. It is also a population metaheuristic, inspired by the collective behaviors of animals, such as bird flocks and fish schools, and dedicated to continuous optimization. Beyond the metaphor, the chapter presents the detailed PSO algorithm, with a focus on the central concepts and simple illustrations of the working of the method. Here, the main goal is to help the reader to understand its hows and whys. Finally the chapter provides a pseudo-code of the method and a discussion of problems of practical interest.

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Particle Swarm Optimization

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Bastien Chopard,
  • Marco Tomassini

摘要

In this chapter, the so-called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method is explained. It is also a population metaheuristic, inspired by the collective behaviors of animals, such as bird flocks and fish schools, and dedicated to continuous optimization. Beyond the metaphor, the chapter presents the detailed PSO algorithm, with a focus on the central concepts and simple illustrations of the working of the method. Here, the main goal is to help the reader to understand its hows and whys. Finally the chapter provides a pseudo-code of the method and a discussion of problems of practical interest.